Breezy Stories was a pulp magazine in the 40's (when girls had curves) or so it seems. can you believe the blackbird singing outside the house is keeping me awake at night? been up for 2 hours now and still an hour and a half before I can go and buy some breakfast. this is going to be a long saterday.
Mammalian diving reflex From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search
The mammalian diving reflex optimizes respiration which allows mammals to stay underwater for a long time. It is exhibited strongly in aquatic mammals (seals,[1] otters, dolphins, etc.), but exists in a weaker version in other mammals, including humans. Diving birds, such as penguins, have a similar diving reflex. Every animal's diving reflex is triggered specifically by cold water contacting the face[2] – water that is warmer than 21 °C (70 °F) does not cause the reflex, and neither does submersion of body parts other than the face. Also, the reflex is always exhibited more dramatically, and thus can grant longer survival, in young people and animals.
[edit] Effect
Upon initiation of the reflex, three changes happen to the body, in this order:
1. Bradycardia is the first response to submersion. Immediately upon facial contact with cold water, the human heart rate slows down ten to twenty-five percent.[2] Seals experience changes that are even more dramatic, going from about 125 beats per minute to as low as 10 on an extended dive.[1][3] Slowing the heart rate lessens the need for bloodstream oxygen, leaving more to be used by other organs. 2. Next, peripheral vasoconstriction sets in. When under high pressure induced by deep diving, capillaries in the extremities start closing off, stopping blood circulation to those areas. Note that vasoconstriction usually applies to arterioles, but in this case is completely an effect of the capillaries. Toes and fingers close off first, then hands and feet, and ultimately arms and legs stop allowing blood circulation, leaving more blood for use by the heart and brain. Human musculature accounts for only 12% of the body's total oxygen storage, and the body's muscles tend to suffer cramping during this phase. Aquatic mammals have as much as 25 to 30% of their oxygen storage in muscle, and thus they can keep working long after capillary blood supply is stopped. 3. Finally is the blood shift that occurs only during very deep dives. When this happens, organ and circulatory walls allow plasma/water to pass freely throughout the thoracic cavity, so its pressure stays constant and the organs aren't crushed. In this stage, the lungs' alveoli fill up with blood plasma, which is reabsorbed when the animal leaves the pressurized environment. This stage of the diving reflex has been observed in humans (such as world champion freediver Martin Štěpánek) during extremely deep (over 90 metres) freedives.
Thus, both a conscious and an unconscious person can survive longer without oxygen under water than in a comparable situation on dry land. Children tend to survive longer than adults when deprived of oxygen underwater.
When the face is submerged, receptors that are sensitive to water within the nasal cavity and other areas of the face supplied by cranial nerve V (trigeminal) relay the information to the brain and then innervate cranial nerve X, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. This causes bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction. Blood is removed from the limbs and all organs but the heart and the brain, creating a heart-brain circuit and allowing the mammal to conserve oxygen.
In humans, the mammalian diving reflex is not induced when limbs are introduced to cold water. Mild bradycardia is caused by the subject holding their breath without submerging the face within water. When breathing with face submerged this causes a diving reflex which increases proportionally to decreasing water temperature.[2] However the greatest bradycardia effect is induced when the subject is holding breath with face submerged.
hurray, hurray alleluilla for Penelope and Colin's baby born. we're celebrating the venue to this world of a new smelly sausage. I'm not good in sausages but I bet in 2 years from now it will start talking, in 4 years it will start to go to school, maybe, just maybe in 30 years it will find a job. then maybe in 40 years from now it will be sitting in front of its computer, sick of the wacom, sick of the computer, sick of the screen, with a diyng lust for some real skin under its finger, some good soft orange skin and some perfumed hair to dive its nose into. alleluilla little sausage, welcome to this endless winter called life.
correct me if I'm wrong but i think little pagan angels are called putos, or amour (love). these are thick putos with tits celebrating the venue of the new born sausage. blah blah blah...
and one day you discover your time is done. no more long evening in the sun, no more wind in the leaves.
I seriously lack the summer now. consider me starring at the window waiting for the first trace of green to show up. even if I'm still totally hopeless at painting anything nature related. and even if desire is often too rude in all the disspointments it brings. consider me a lack of desire now.
*EDIT* Actually, I have a movie that goes with this image, it's one of my vacation movie (like my dad used to make them with his super 8 camera in the 70's). It's ths story of a perfect mid summer sunday afternoon and this is the short version. the full version would probably be about half an hour... "time" shot last august
